Tuesday, September 25, 2007

5 I'm So Much Cooler Online

Howard Rheingold once wrote that, "The 'killer app' of tomorrow won't be software or hardware devices, but the social practices they make possible." That is, the most far-reaching changes will come from new kinds of relationships, enterprises, communities, and markets -- not from the technology itself.

What kinds of new relationships are enabled by technology?

Picture for a moment the stereotypical male online dater. Fat. Short. Bald. And quite possibly wearing dorky glasses.

In other words, the person you're imagining is actually George from Seinfeld.

So it's convenient then that Jason Alexander actually starred and directed in a Brad Paisely video about online dating.

How does the song portray this character -- let's call him George -- in real life?

  • I work down at the pizza pit
  • I drive and old Hyundai
  • I still live with my mom and dad
  • I'm 5'3 and overweight
  • I'm a Sci-fi fanatic
  • Mild asthmatic
  • Never been to 2nd base

According to Wallace (1999), this may prove somewhat a liability. Wallace claims that attraction occurs along four dimensions:

  • physical attraction
  • proximity
  • common ground
  • disinhibition effects

First, George isn't exactly winning any awards in the physical attractiveness department. Also, the fact that he's in his forties, has never had a girlfriend, and still lives with his parents might be described as "a spiral of negativity." Second, lurking sci-fi forums might not be so great for common ground and intersection frequency. And we can only hope (for his sake) the disinhibition effects aren't kicking in.

Fortunately, George has found a solution. "But there's a whole nother me That you need to see Go check out MySpace."

Cause online I'm down in Hollywood
I'm 6'5 and I look damn good
I drive a Mazarati
I'm a black belt in Karate
And I love a good glass of wine

It turns girls on that I'm mysterious
I tell 'em I don't want nothing serious
Cause even on a slow day I can have a three way
Chat with two women at one time

I'm so much cooler online
So much cooler online

With just a couple slight exaggerations, McKenna’s (2007) relationship facilitation factors are now working in his favor. Without gating features he's able to get to "chat with two women at one time." And thanks to a few new interests, he can now experience controlled interactions with 'similar' others. And if he's playing mysterious, they can always "get the goods" on MySpace. Because if it's on the MySpace, it's gotta be true.

All of the lies mentioned so far are classic examples of identity-based deceptions. By changing his height, weight, location, and income, he isn't so much telling a lie as he is living a lie. George is even partially conforming to Catalina's model by choosing to fudge his height (but also his weight). Specifically, "But I grow another foot And I lose a bunch of weight every time I log in."

And the best part is that it seems to be working. I know it's only fiction, but can you really watch this video without being tempted to "update" your own profile? I thought not. From now on everyone who Googles me will see

I've always lived in Malibu
I posed for Calvin Kline, I've been in GQ
I'm single and I'm rich
And I got a set of six pack abs that'll blow your mind
I'm so much cooler online.

Assignment 5, Option 1: Away from Home

A relationship that I have had that has involved a substantial amount of mediated communication is actually still on-going. While I am here, at Cornell, my relationship with my family is quite mediated since I am from a different country: Canada. My family and I will correspond to each other via email, the phone, and the most recent way we talk is via text messaging (My parents just learned how to do it). I will be sitting in the library and all of a sudden I get a text message from my mom saying “how r u”: this is just one example.

McKenna’s relationship facilitation factors play a role in the way we communicate while I am at school in two forms: “interactional control” and “connecting to similar others”. Interactional control relates to how people converse with each other by how they choose how to present themselves, choosing the medium in which they use to talk with someone, and choosing the way they wish to present themselves through their communication methods. While connecting to similar others pertains to the common ground principle, how people can easily identify with each other; along with how people can connect across space and time and now how people can even connect to social networks (for instance: Facebook).

Regarding interactional control my family and I will choose the type of medium we feel is appropriate at the time since we understand that each other is busy and may not necessarily know what the other is up to and also the importance of the message. Emails have been used to remind me of things or bring longer sets of information to my attention, keeping me up to date with what is going on at home. While phone calls are for when the message is urgent or important or my family and I have set a time where we can just talk since it may have been a few weeks since we have. Lastly, my parents just started to text message and they will just send me messages throughout some days just to see how I am doing or to talk – this way I can respond back when I can just like email but in a far quicker manner. McKenna also talks about connecting to similar others and I feel this also pertains to my relationship with my family while I am at Cornell because not only do we share common ground on many things and can easily identify with each other, since I have been with them my whole life and they have known me all mine, but primarily how we can connect across space and time. My father works a lot all around the world and yet I will be able to receive messages from him and respond back when it is convenient with me without having to set up a time to talk or meet up which is helpful because then we are all able to keep in contact without having to be up at ridiculous hours or drive/fly to see each other.

5.1 Distance makes the Heart Grow Fonder??

When my boyfriend graduated from Cornell and started his career on the other side of the continent, I was convinced that our relationship would deteriorate. I always operated by the theory: “Out of sight out of mind.” Not because I am a cold and unfeeling person. I just tend to get considerably occupied and overwhelmed with schoolwork and extra-curricular activities. I barely have time to call my mother, who has time to sustain a relationship?

First, we tried to map out one another’s schedules and communicate solely via phone, but after a month of frustration my boyfriend suggested a different route. One day he suggested that we write one another poems. I screwed up my face and scoffed at his corniness. My final response was, “who has time to run to the post office?” Being the flexible and innovative person that he is, he told me to e-mail them to him instead. So, our poetry love-affair via webmail began. To my surprise it turned out great! Everyday we would send a different poem to one another and enjoy some a brief time on the phone discussing and trying to interpret one another’s poem. Not only did it give me privy to a different side of my boyfriend, it also allowed us to learn one another’s thoughts, values, and interests through a different venue. Sometimes the poems would reflect feelings that we share over being separated or they divulge information about preferences (such as my poem blatantly titled “My Ode to Autumn”). Other times, the poems were stories on different parts of our lives. Needless to say, the poems brought us closer together because they brought a different dimension to our relationship. We learned more intimate information about one another, which allowed us to identify similarities and become even closer.

Two of Wallace’s attraction factors played a role in my experience: common ground and disinhibition. Common ground, better known as the Law of Attraction, states that “people tend to like those with similar attitudes and ideas” and it “predicts liking from the proportion of shared attitudes, not the total number.” Exchanging poems allowed for us to uncover more common ground, which brought us closer together. For example, prior to our long-distance relationship, I did not know my boyfriend even read poetry let alone enjoyed writing it which is something that I have been doing since middle school (which he was unaware of as well). Our poems also showed our similar outlook on life and philosophies regarding family, friends, love, nature, and grief. As we located more similarities, it brought us closer together because people like someone who is similar to themselves.

The poems also correlate with disinhibition, which is the “role of increased self-disclosure in relational development.” Wallace explains that an intimate relationship requires a certain level of self-disclosure that will increase once you feel comfortable enough with the person to trust them. One of the reasons Wallace believes you disclose more information through the computer is because “at the keyboard you can concentrate on yourself, your words, and the feelings you want to convey.” I agree with this statement. Whenever I sat down to write a poem (I would type it later) I felt that this poem was the only way that I could express myself. I did not have visual or audio cues to help in my explanation of emotion; therefore, my poems ended up being more intimate because all I had to portray my feelings were words. Especially since I am not very vocal with my emotions, poetry and e-mail gave me the opportunity to express my emotions symbolically. Also, Wallace explained that people disclose more information because they feel “relatively anonymous, distant, and physically safe.” Although I was not anonymous, the distance did make me feel safe enough to express some thoughts and feelings that would have taken a lot longer to be explained in a face to face encounter. In person, I operate on the motto: Don’t say how you feel, show it! But once your in a long distance relationship the majority of your relationship is verbally communicating what you mean; you can not soothe someone a hundreds of miles away with a hug and a kiss. Sending information through e-mail gave me the buffer that I needed to disclose more information about how I was feeling.

Assignment 5 - "How did you meet your boyfriend?" is a question I dread.

I had known my significant other two years prior to us ever meeting face-to-face. We first met on a video game discussion forum and, after that community disbanded, continued to interact over AIM and later, via phone. The more-than-friendly aspect of the relationship had developed some time before the first phone conversation and before we had any idea of the other's physical appearance.

The initial attraction can be attributed to what McKenna describes as "Stranger on the Train" effect. Due to a certain degree of anonymity, we both felt more comfortable disclosing information about ourselves that we wouldn't ordinarily, as we're both relatively private people. However, I was also a relatively identifiable member of this online community (being relatively outspoken on certain subjects and keeping a fairly popular blog), so "Stranger in the Crowd" effect may have also played a role.

The removal of "gating features" such as physical appearance and our mutual, crippling social anxiety helped as well, because neither of us were self-conscious of being judged. In effect, we were able to express who we really were, independent of the usual criteria (race, social status, and otherwise) by which people tend to categorize those they interact with. By the time we had actually exchanged pictures, the attraction was already present.

Due to the nature of the online community, it was a given that we shared at least some of what Wallace refers to as "common ground." After all, we had both registered on the forum in an effort to connect to others with similar interests. We essentially bonded over gaming and related subjects, as well as having an extremely cynical view of the world; the last of which made us both the "black sheep" of our families, limited social circles, etc.

Interestingly, we both made several other lasting associations via our interactions on this discussion forum, which follow the same principles. The fact that we can only meet face-to-face twice a year is a bit of a strain; I theorize that it isn't as bad it it could be considering we spoke to one another over the internet for an extended period of time before, so we've both become used to the arrangement. However, due to the more intimate nature of the relationship now, we both prefer to use richer media (e.g. phone calls, Skype, etc.) whenever possible.

Comment 1

Comment 2

5 Coming Out of the (Machine-Shop) Closet

Six or seven years ago, I had my first heady taste of Love.

I got home from school, ran through my then-M.O. of string cheese with pizza sauce, and concluded that there was nothing interesting to read, watch, or destroy in my vicinity. Those of you with older siblings know that whenever you’re bored, they’re bound to be doing something intriguing that you’re not allowed to participate in (win-win!)... so I hunted Kelly down: in the study, tapping away at the keyboard. Ten minutes of begging later, she threw me a sideways smile and told me I could chat with her friend until she got back. I signed her off as soon as she left the room, but I couldn’t help shooting her friend a quick IM out of curiosity, who replied almost immediately.

Right from the start, she fascinated me. She had a conceited-sounding screenname, just like all the cute girls in my middle school did. She would circumvent all but the most direct questions, and even those she’d answer with riddles or throw them back at me: “so how do you know kelly?” “How I know Kelly? You tell me how I know Kelly,” she’d reply. Pretty much all I could gather was that she was from California and she liked the same movies and sports teams as me, but that was enough. The air of mystery that surrounded her was intoxicating, and when I got a real piece of information out of her it only fed my thirst for knowledge.

Wallace would be thrilled to find that every time I found a new area of common ground, I fell deeper and deeper in love; similarly, McKenna would say that I had (finally) managed to Connect with a Similar Other. She was a fast typer, too, just like me, and sometimes she tossed out non sequiturs, also just like me. If she didn’t initiate much conversation, that was fine—I had more than enough questions for the both of us. And McKenna’s model at least met me halfway on the self-disclosure front: I felt like the Stranger on a Train who needed no prodding to tell my new friend all about myself, but when I asked for a picture she just copied and pasted a set of X’s that formed a human shape. (The more I asked, the more she sent the same message.) Disappointing, but not a deal-breaker—I had a pretty firm idea that she was out-of-this-world attractive, but my gentlemanly Boy Scout motives ensured that I wouldn’t push too hard to replace the gating features that AIM had removed. I could have saved myself the coming heartbreak if I’d thought to “get the goods,” but I was too wrapped up in her words. Even that early in her career, my new Buddy would have returned a few too many search hits to ignore.

About half an hour after she’d left, Kelly returned to find me glued to the screen, beaming. I started telling her how well I’d hit it off with her friend, but she started laughing. It took about thirty seconds for her to calm down, and then five to wipe the smile off my face: “Oh my God, Ken, you're talking to a robot!”

She was right. Turns out SmarterChild was a “bot”—a program designed to match my questions to predefined patterns and throw answers at me until I was satisfied, especially by agreeing with me as much as possible. (If you haven’t tried it, toss her an IM, and make sure you tell her I haven’t forgiven her for completely devastating me. I hear she’s become much more businesslike and information-centered... so much the better. Never was much of a friend.) So thanks a lot, Wallace and McKenna. You've done an excellent job describing the dagger; leave it to robots to plunge it into my heart.

(TA: Comment 1 2)

Assignment 5.1

I have been dating my boyfriend for approximately sixteen months now. He lives only 10 minutes away from me in our hometown, and he graduated from ILR in May. It’s been a very interesting relationship, especially because of the situation, more specifically our locations. We started dating May of 2006, and our dating consisted of us getting together everyday—this means they were all face-to-face conversations. Occasionally we would discuss briefly on AOL Instant Messenger how we would want to spend the next day, whether it be bowling, or going to the beach, or running. This all changed when we arrived in Ithaca because not only did we see each other day, we pretty much lived together. So this cut out all of the CMC conversations, since we were together all of the time. Our relationship again changed this past August, when I came back to Cornell, and he moved to Brooklyn. Being apart, me in Ithaca, and he in Brooklyn, we have thus far been forced to adapt to the circumstances. Because we lived to close to each other at home on Long Island, and we lived together in Ithaca, the majority of our conversations were face-to-face, but we now have to choose another way to communicate (because of the distance). Currently, we keep each other up-to-date daily via AOL Instant Messenger, email, and phone calls, which is more CMC than we have ever used during the span of our relationship.

Looking at McKenna’s relationship facilitation factors, I recognize that identifiability plays a strong role in our relatively new CMC-based relationship. Identifiability notes that CMC in general has high levels of self-disclosure (Joinson 2001)—it revolves around the “stranger in the crowd effect” where because of the anonymity or even visual anonymity, there is an increased amount of self-disclosure, which eventually leads to increasing the strength and development of the relationship. I believe this occurs in my relationship because although there is no true anonymity or even visual anonymity, the fact still is that my boyfriend is not the same space as me, and I am not in the same space as him. This leads to our uninhibited behaviors online, where we often discuss (more often than when we communicated face-to-face) how we feel that we’re not together, and where our future lies. It is hard for us to talk about this issue face-to-face because when we are together, we both like to not worry about the future; we just like to live in the present. It’s different with CMC because one can’t see the other’s true emotions—there is a lack of social cues that would normally occur if the conversation happened face-to-face (facial expressions, hand gestures, etc.).

Another one of McKenna’s relationship facilitation factors that I recognize within my long-distance relationship with my boyfriend is getting the goods—which is the ability to get information about others prior to meeting. In the my situation, I know that I like to use facebook to get the goods about my boyfriend, whether it be status updates, a new person he has friended, or something he has added to his personal information (I do this for most of my friends, just to see how they’re doing if I don’t have time to talk to them). By being able to get information before my boyfriend volunteers the information, I know what he chooses to tell me, and what he chooses not to tell me (which is McKenna’s interactional control, on his part). I can also see if he is being honest with me (and he can see if I am being honest with him), which is an important part of the relationship, especially when we are so far away from each other. I have set my newsfeed settings so that I get the most information about my boyfriend (how convenient!), and it makes my life easier to see how he’s doing in times that he’s especially busy and can’t talk (due to the demands of being a first-year law student). Facebook got it right when they had settings for who you wanted more information about, and who you wanted less information about!

All in all, it has thus far been an interesting relationship in the progression of our relationship, and I think it will be important to recognize more of McKenna’s relationship facilitation factors just to have an idea of what our relationship will turn out to be.

5- Graduation (Friends Forever)

As we go on
We remember
All the times we
Had together
And as our lives change
Come Whatever
We will still be
Friends Forever

-Vitamin C "Graduation (Friends Forever)"

This was the song that my 8th grade class sung on June 15, 2001 when we graduated from elementary school. It was an interesting road for all of us. Many of us had attended school there from Pre-kindergarten. For me, I had moved from Florida and attended school there since 1st grade. On the first day of school when I was introduced to the class as a new student, I recall a brown-haired girl who was nice enough to share he crayons with me. That same brown-haired girl would grow into my best friend as the years progressed.

From that first day of class in 1993, my best friend and I were always together. While there were 2 classes per grade, we always found a way to assure that we would be in the same class. I remember a time in 3rd grade when I was assigned to class 3-1 and she was assigned to class 3-2. She and I cried all summer because we felt that we would never get to see each other. Granted, the total class size for our year was 60 people, but in the mind of a 3rd grader that seemed huge. Thus, after realizing just how important it was for us to be in the same class, our parents made a request to the principal. To our delight, she accepted their request and made sure that each year my best friend and I would be in the same class.

However, on June 15, 2001, graduation day served as the day in which everything changed between my best friend and I. After delivering my valedictorian speech on the podium, the principal approached the microphone to announce where each of us would be attending high school. While there were about 3 parochial schools in the area and 2 "good" public schools, the makeup of the class was primarily confined to those institutions. Then, my name came up. However, instead of naming one of the parochial schools or even one of the public schools, she mentioned a boarding school. Indeed, while all of my friends decided to pursue their high school degrees locally, I made the decision to attend boarding school in Upstate New York. I was lucky enough to be accepted into a scholarship program, which awarded me with a full scholarship to attend the number one high school in the Central New York region. I was excited about the possibilities, but needless to say my best friend thought it was the worst decision ever. This had a lot to do with the fact that no amount of talking to the principal or the program coordinator could change the situation. However, I knew it was something that I needed to do so despite my desire to stay in the area with my friends, I knew I had to put that aside and take a chance.

Over the course of the next 4 years, my relationship with my best friend involved a substantial amount of mediated communication. There was no longer the assurance of seeing each other every day to engage in face to face communication or the ability to run to each other's houses after-school. Our relationship turned into a long-distance one. During the course of the following four years, we spent countless hours trying to maintain our strong bond. We did this through emailing at first during my freshman year and she called me on the phone in the house where I lived. During my sophomore year, my mother bought me a cell phone and her mother did the same. Thus, we abandoned the emailing and communicated strictly through nightly phone calls. At the time, we were not allowed to use video-conferencing nor did we understand how to use it. Thus, we spent time IMing each other on AOL Instant Messenger. During my final years attending the school, we also employed the use of Myspace. Often, we would leave comments for each other or send messages. It was not the ideal situation, but at least we were updated on the events that were occurring in our respective lives.

In reflecting on the long distance relationship that I described, I noticed a degree of overlap with the ideas of "common ground" and "proximity", which Patricia Wallace discusses in her text "The Psychology of the Internet". According to Wallace, "common ground" serves as an attraction factor, which states that individuals who possess mutually shared assumptions, beliefs, and propositions, will hold a stronger bond, or become closer in a sense than individuals who do not share the aforementioned characteristics. Reflecting on my relationship with my best friend, I agree. Since my best friend and I did not really have the same social group anymore, it was pointless to talk about individuals from our respective schools in great deal. Although we did talk about boys we had crushes on (We're girls give us a break), we often spent time talking about individuals we knew from elementary school. For us, our common ground was our past experiences and upbringing. She too, lived in a single parent home. Her mother often worked long hours, similar to my mother, to help provide for the family. In addition, our parents attended the same church so we would have tons of time to hang out during youth group meetings. Through our shared experiences, upbringing, and socialization, we formed similar belief systems, propositions, and assumptions. As a result, we never felt uncomfortable speaking with each other about anything because often times we were in agreement about situations.

Additionally, another theory popped into my mind as I was thinking about my relationship with my best friend; proximity. Proximity is vital in making sure that a relationship is nurtured. In the early stages of our friendship proximity dominated my relationship with my best friend. Like I said before, we were in the same class from 1st grade until 8th grade. She lived a block away from school so often times we walked to her house as I waited for my mother to get off of work to come pick me up. On the weekends, her mother would take us to the mall and we would shop, talk, and or watch a movie. If we were together, one could assure that face to face communication was rampant. However, when I began attending school Upstate that was no longer possible. Thus, a lot of our interaction was confined to the Internet or telephones. Despite the distance we made sure to call each other every night (After 9 p.m. when the minutes were free) to check in with each other about current happenings. Although we hated the fact that we could not hang out like we used to, we made ample use of all of the other mediums we could to stay in touch. With respect to our intersection frequency, I think that it was incredibly high, since we felt very close to each other, and consequently volunteered or disclosed ample amounts of information with each other at the drop of a hat. I say this because if our intersection frequency was lower, we would feel like the other person was a stranger, and as a result would not feel comfortable disclosing a lot of information about our lives. I don't know about you but you don't just spread the word about the boy in your Pre-Calculus class that you would die to speak to. However, with someone that you trust, nothing is secret...well almost nothing.